In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the all-purpose flour, granulated sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In a separate medium bowl, whisk the eggs until fully combined. Slowly whisk in the buttermilk and vanilla extract, then stream in the melted unsalted butter until smooth.
Make a well in the center of the dry ingredients. Pour the wet mixture into the well and gently fold together using a silicone spatula until just combined.
Allow the batter to rest at room temperature for 10 to 15 minutes.
Heat a non-stick skillet or cast-iron griddle over medium heat. Lightly grease with vegetable oil or butter, wiping away excess.
Using a 1/4 cup measure, pour the batter onto the hot surface. Cook until bubbles form and pop on the surface and the edges appear set, about 2 to 3 minutes.
Slide a thin spatula underneath and flip the pancake quickly and confidently.